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Greek-voters-protest

“No” supporters wave Greek flags by the parliament in Athens, Greece July 5, 2015. REUTERS/Yannis Behrakis

The European Commission’s data-gathering bureaucracy, Eurostat, has just published a new report on government finances for the region.

And with Greece’s ongoing fiscal turmoil getting headlines, this Eurostat publication is worthwhile because it debunks the notion, peddled by folks like Paul Krugman, that Europe has been harmed by “savage” and “harsh” spending cuts.

Here’s some of what’s in the report.

In 2014, total general government expenditure amounted to €6 701 bn in the European Union (EU). This represented almost half (48.1%) of EU GDP in 2014… Among EU Member States, general government expenditure varied in 2014 from less than 35% of GDP in Lithuania and Romania to more than 57% in Finland, France and Denmark.

Not only is government spending consuming almost half of economic output, redistribution outlays are the biggest line item in the budgets of European nations.

…the function ‘social protection’ was by far the most important, accounting for 40.2% of total general government expenditure. The next most important areas in terms of general government expenditure were ‘health’ (14.8%)… Its weight varied across EU Member States from 28.6% of total general government expenditure in Cyprus to 44.4% in Luxembourg. Eight EU Member States devoted more than 40% of their expenditure to social protection.

At this point, some readers may be thinking that the report shows European nations have very big governments with very large welfare states, but that doesn’t prove one way or the other whether there’s been austerity.

After all, austerity supposedly measures the degree to which there have been big spending cuts, not whether government consumes a large or small share of economic output.

So let’s now look at some of the underlying annual spending data from Eurostat.

Here’s their chart showing annual levels of government spending, both for the entire European Union (EU-28) and for the nations using the euro currency (EA-19). As you can see, there haven’t been any “harsh” or “savage” cuts.

Heck, there haven’t even been “timid” and “meek” cuts. The burden of government spending keeps climbing.

Development_of_total_expenditure_and_total_revenue,_2006–14_(¹)_(billion_EUR)_YB15_II

 

None of this should come as a surprise.

I’ve shared analysis making this point from experts on European fiscal policy such as Steve Hanke, Brian Wesbury, Constantin Gurdgiev, Fredrik Erixon, and Leonid Bershidsky.

So why is there a mythology about supposed spending cuts in Europe?

There are three answers.

  • First, there are lots of ignorant of mendacious people who don’t understand the numbers or don’t care about the truth. You can take a wild guess about the identity of some of these people.
  • Second, while overall government spending has continuously risen in Europe, a few nations (generally the ones that were most profligate last decade) have been forced to make some non-trivial spending cuts.
  • Third, some people cherry pick data on the burden of government spending relative to economic output and assert that austerity exists if government grows slower than GDP.

The people in the first category should be dismissed as cranks and ideologues.

Regarding the second category, if you look at Eurostat’s annual fiscal data, you’ll find that most EU nations since 2008 have had at least one year in which government spending declined. Indeed, the only exceptions are Belgium, France, Luxembourg, Austria, Poland, Slovakia, Finland, and Sweden.

But we’ve also had a few years of spending reductions in the United States since 2008, yet it would be silly to argue we’ve had “savage” and “harsh” cuts. The real question is whether any governments have been forced to make non-trivial reductions in the burden of spending. And if that’s defined as spending less today than they did in 2008, the only nations on that list are Greece, Latvia, and Ireland. But they’re also high on the list of countries that were most profligate in the years before 2008, so is it “austerity” if you give up drinking for a week or two after spending a week or two in an alcoholic haze? Perhaps the answer is yes, but the real problem was having a spending binge in the first place.

The third category is also worth exploring because the best way to determine if a country has responsible policy is to see whether government spending is falling as a share of economic output (i.e., are they following Mitchell’s Golden Rule). But you can’t cherry pick the data. For instance, look at this chart from Eurostat. If 2009 is used as the base year, it appears that EU nations have been frugal. But 2009 also was the year with the biggest bailouts and faux stimulus packages. So while government spending has receded a bit from the 2009 peak, the overall burden of spending today is significantly higher than it was before the 2008 crisis. Not exactly a very rigorous definition of austerity.

 

 

The bottom line is that there hasn’t been serious austerity in Europe, at least if austerity is defined as non-trivial spending cuts.

To be sure, there have been big fiscal changes in Europe. The bad news is that those changes have been big increases in income tax rates and big increases in value-added tax rates.

So if folks are looking for a good explanation of why Europe is suffering from anemic growth, that might be a place to start.

P.S. Unlike other European countries, the Baltic nations focused on genuine spending cuts rather than tax hike and their economies are doing comparatively well.

P.P.S. Even though Switzerland isn’t a member of the EU, Eurostat does include annual spending data for that nation. And it’s worth noting that spending has only grown by 2.07 percent per year since the implementation of the debt brake (which is really a spending cap). So that’s actually the best role model in Europe, as explained here by a representative from the Swiss Embassy.

[mybooktable book=”global-tax-revolution-the-rise-of-tax-competition-and-the-battle-to-defend-it” display=”summary” buybutton_shadowbox=”true”]

The European Commission’s data-gathering bureaucracy, Eurostat, has

Gov-Rick-Scott-Bright-Future-Electric-Ocoee-6-11-2015

Gov. Rick Scott at Bright Future Electric in Ocoee on June 11, 2015. (Photo: Carolyn Allen)

In 2014, the Editorial Board at PPD endorsed Gov. Rick Scott for reelection against former Gov. Charlie Crist, and we are glad we did. Under the stewardship of Gov. Rick Scott, the state of Florida is experiencing an economic renaissance and record-breaking tourism numbers.

As other states continue to struggle to recover from the Great Recession — shedding jobs in traditional, higher-paying sectors such as manufacturing and mining — the Sunshine State has seen 58 consecutive months of positive job growth.

From December 2010, shortly after Gov. Rick Scott narrowly defeated Democrat Alex Sink, the number of private sector jobs created in Florida is nearing 900,000. As of May 2015, it was nearly 880,000.

Turnaround-Under-Rick-Scott

All but one sector (information) posted job gains in the month of May and unemployment statewide fell to 5.5 percent, according to the most recent data from the Florida Department of Economic Opportunity. America, as a whole, has suffered from chronic wage stagnation, due in large part by underperformance in higher-paying sectors and the part-time plague. Florida, on the other hand, has had strong sector-by-sector job growth across the board, which has helped to achieve a 3.4-percent gain juxtaposed to a 2.2-percent increase nationwide.

Other industries gaining jobs were trade, transportation, and utilities (+52,000 jobs, +3.2 percent); private education and health services (+50,000 jobs, +4.3 percent); professional and business services (+43,500 jobs, +3.8 percent); construction (+28,200 jobs, +7.2 percent); financial activities (+16,800 jobs, +3.2 percent); other services (+16,500 jobs, +5.1 percent); government (+4,900 jobs, +0.5 percent); and manufacturing (+4,200 jobs, +1.3 percent).

The industry gaining the most jobs was leisure and hospitality (+52,900 jobs, +4.9 percent). While the state’s economic growth has been broad, tourism has exploded under Gov. Rick Scott and officials are not shy about giving him credit.

“Thanks to the visionary leadership of Governor Rick Scott and the Florida legislature, the Florida tourism industry has grown from 82.3 million visitors in 2010 to 98.9 million in 2014,” said Will Seccombe, President and CEO of VISIT FLORIDA. “With all indicators up – taxable sales, ADR, occupancy and rooms sold – the industry is firing on all cylinders.”

That represents a 5.1 percent increase from 2013 and the fourth consecutive record year for visitation to Florida.

“Achieving record visitation for four consecutive years is a testament to the strong marketing partnership between VISIT FLORIDA and our tourism industry Partners,” said John Tomlin, Vice Chair of the VISIT FLORIDA Board of Directors and Chief Operating Officer for The Auto Club Group. “With continued support from Governor Scott and the Florida legislature, the Sunshine State is poised to become the No. 1 travel destination in the world.”

The number of direct travel-related jobs in 2014 also hit a record high and 1,197,200 Floridians (as of May 2015) are currently employed in the tourism industry, up nearly 4 percent from 2013.

“Anyone would be happy to see their business grow by 4 percent year-over-year,” said Andrew Hertz, Chair of the VISIT FLORIDA Board of Directors, who was referring to the initial projection of 97.3 million. “But it is absolutely amazing when an entire industry keeps beating record numbers, while adding jobs and supporting the rest of the state’s economy.”

The economic impact of tourism on the state — both directly and indirectly — cannot be understated. While every 85 visitors to Florida creates one Florida hospitality job, nearly as many indirect and “induced” jobs are also created, an aspect of the state economy officials say Gov. Scott understands and has successfully sold to outside companies.

“Not only are visitors coming to our state at record levels, but there are also a record number of Floridians employed in our tourism industry,” Gov. Scott said in a statement. “Florida’s natural beauty, pristine beaches and exciting attractions continue to bring countless visitors to our state and provide valuable jobs for our families. Our tourism industry is vital to helping Florida become the global destination for jobs.”

For every 1,000 jobs created, 507 are in traditional tourism sectors, while the other 493 jobs are created in categories such as retail trade, administrative services, construction, transportation and warehousing. According to the Florida Chamber of Commerce, the estimated average salary for these jobs is $43,750.

“Florida’s investments in marketing are matched at nearly two-to-one with private-sector funds,” said Seccombe,. “This successful combination creates jobs in many sectors of the Florida economy and provides substantial increases in tax revenues for our state.”

Indeed, tourism not only creates jobs, but it also keeps taxes on Floridians low because visitors pay sales taxes, bed taxes and taxes on their activities while they are in Florida. According to a recent study by the Economic and Demographic Research (EDR) office of the Florida legislature, tourists paid an estimated 12.5 percent of General Revenue from Sales Taxes in the most recent fiscal year. The increase in revenue was also driven by record numbers of overseas visitors, who stay longer and spend more money.

“Yet another record year for Florida tourism due in large part to the support of our Governor and pro-tourism legislature,” said Lino Maldonado, Chair of the VISIT FLORIDA Industry Relations Committee and Vice President of Operations for ResortQuest by Wyndham Vacation Rentals. “My team is very proud to work in an industry that not only employs so many across our beautiful state, but that produces lasting memories for visitors from around the world.”

VISIT FLORIDA estimates that 11.5 million overseas visitors and 3.8 million Canadians came to Florida in 2014, both of which are record highs. Those figures represent 2.6 percent and 2.4 percent increases from 2013 totals, respectively, and top off a 4.2 percent increase in domestic visitors.

“Tourism is the number-one driver of the state’s economy, and we are proud of the Sunshine State’s four consecutive years of record visitor turnout,” said Bill Lupfer, Chair of the VISIT FLORIDA Public Affairs Committee and President & CEO of the Florida Attractions Association. “This means greater revenues for the state, and more than one million Florida jobs supported by tourism. We applaud Governor Rick Scott and the Legislative leadership’s support of Florida’s thriving tourism industry and look forward to even greater growth in 2015.”

Officials are optimistic that even greater economic growth is not only obtainable but inevitable, and point to trend-line data and business optimism levels to back it up. In the fourth quarter of 2014, a record 22.4 million people are estimated to have visited the Sunshine State — including 3.1 million from overseas — which is the largest fourth quarter number ever and an increase of 2.8 percent over the same period in 2013. Visits from the 765,000 Canadians alone reflects an increase of 5.6 percent over the same period in 2013.

According to the 10th annual survey of CEOs, which gauges the views of the best and worst states for business from over 500 CEOs across the U.S., the Sunshine State is now threatening to overthrow Texas, which has historically enjoyed the title of most business-friendly state.

“When companies like Hertz, Amazon, Deutsche Bank and Verizon add jobs here, it causes more people to look at us,” said Gov. Scott. “Business is comfortable that we’ll keep the tax base low and improve our workforce.”

While Texas continued its 10-year historical position as the best state overall, Florida, which now ranks No. 2, is closing in fast on factors such as taxes, regulation and the quality of the state’s workforce. The survey found Florida finally overtaking Texas in its quality of living environment, which includes public education, health, the cost of living and affordable housing.

“These record breaking numbers make it clear, Florida is moving in the right direction as a world-class destination. With Governor Scott’s increased support for VISIT FLORIDA, the hospitality and tourism industry can continue to provide incredible experiences for millions of visitors, create jobs and generate revenue to put back in the pockets of Florida families,” said Carol Dover, Member of the VISIT FLORIDA Board of Directors and President & CEO of the Florida Restaurant & Lodging Association. “This year, we look forward to repeating the trend of growth and we are thrilled so many visitors are taking advantage of our unique restaurants, hotels and attractions in the Sunshine State.”

Under the stewardship of Gov. Rick Scott,

irs-building-dc

Internal Revenue Service (IRS) headquarters building in Washington D.C. (Photo: AP)

On July 1, U.S. District Judge Emmet Sullivan ordered the IRS to produce some 1,800 “lost” emails every Monday pertaining to Lois Lerner as part of a lawsuit filed by government watchdog Judicial Watch.

Yet, the first deadline, which was Monday July 6, came and went without a single document being produced by the tax-collecting agency, despite the judge’s order.

“The IRS, working through the Justice Department, has violated an explicit federal court order to begin turning over Lois Lerner’s ‘lost’ emails,” stated Judicial Watch President Tom Fitton. “The Obama IRS’ contempt for the courts and for Congress resulted in a massive destruction of evidence. IRS Commissioner John Koskinen’s and IRS Chief Counsel William J. Wilkins’ resignations are long overdue.”

The Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA) recovered from back-up tapes what Commissioner Koskinen told Congress during sworn testimony were unrecoverable emails. In fact, TIGTA was able to locate the Lois Lerner back-up tapes within one day.

The developments come as Judicial Watch obtained documents this week revealing the Justice Department was well-aware of and knee-deep in the IRS targeting of conservative groups as early as 2010.

In fact, there was extensive collaboration between the IRS and the Justice Department under then-Attorney General Eric Holder to potentially open criminal prosecutions against conservative groups. A “DOJ Recap” report details an October 2010 meeting between Lois Lerner, DOJ officials and “one representative from the FBI” to discuss the possible criminal prosecution of nonprofit organizations for alleged political activity.

The IRS Monday missed the first court-ordered

 

Thomas-Sowell

After my 85th birthday last week, I looked back over my life and was surprised to discover in how many different ways I had been lucky, in addition to some other ways in which I was unlucky.

Among the things I did not know at the time was that I was adopted as an infant into a family with four adults, in which I was the only child.

All sorts of research since then has shown how the amount of attention and interactions with adults a child gets has a lot to do with the way the child develops. But of course I knew nothing about such things back then.

It was decades later, when I now had a son of my own that I asked one of the surviving members of the family how old I was when I first started to walk. She said, “Oh, Tommy, nobody knows when you could walk. Somebody was always carrying you.”

Many times over the years, she liked to recall an incident when I was maybe three or four years old. She had taken me somewhere out of the neighborhood, maybe to a movie, and all was fine until we got back in sight of our home. That was when I picked up some rocks and started throwing them at her.

She laughed then, and many times in later years when she told that story to others. She thought it was so cute that I was well-behaved while I didn’t know how to get back home without her, but then got mischievous when I saw our house.

What if the situation had been reversed? What if there were four children and one adult, instead of one child and four adults? She might not have thought that was so cute, or cute at all.

My wife, incidentally, was appalled when she heard this story. She looked at me in astonishment, as if I were a grown man throwing rocks at this little old lady.

As an adult, it has always been painful to me, when I have been on a bus or in some other public place, and have seen a small child trying in vain to get his mother’s attention, while she obviously did not want to be bothered.

I have felt like saying: “Lady, what you are doing, or not doing, right now can affect how that child will turn out, years from now. You brought him into this world. The least you can do is pay some attention to him.” But of course I minded my own business, as I was raised to do.

Many years after all the members of the family that raised me were dead, I decided to get their death certificates and the death certificates of my biological parents, of whom I have no memory.

Their death certificates showed that all of them had very little education, and in inferior Southern schools at that. My biological parents lived a total of 60 years, between the two of them. I have now lived a quarter of a century longer than both of them, put together.

Although I was raised by people with very little education, they were people who wanted me to get an education. They praised my every little accomplishment when I was very young, and I was taught to read by the time I was four years old, taught by someone with only a few years of schooling herself.

Years later, when I was promoted to the 7th grade, I was surprised by what a commotion it caused. Then I was told: “You have now gone further than any of us.”

You don’t need a Ph.D. to help your child get an education. Doctor Ben Carson’s mother showed that you don’t have to be Asian to be a Tiger Mom.

Not everything was wonderful in my family or in the world where I grew up in Harlem. But, as I learned from later research, the homicide rate in New York when I was growing up was lower than it had been in the years before, and much lower than it would be in the years afterward.

I cannot recall ever hearing a gunshot, or even having to think about gunshots when I slept out on the fire escape on hot summer nights.

The New York City schools were among the best in the country in those days, better than they had been for the European immigrants before me and much better than they would be for the mass influx of blacks from the South after me.

As for bad luck, there were years of that too. But I learned a lot from that bad luck, so I am not sure that it was all bad luck in the long run. And 85 years is a very long run.

Thomas Sowell is a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institute.

 

In an op-ed following his 85th birthday,

Bernie Sanders

Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Bernie Sanders speaks during a political rally at the Veterans Memorial Coliseum at Alliant Energy Center in Madison, Wis., Wednesday, July 1, 2015. (Michael P. King/Wisconsin State Journal via AP)

Nearly 10,000 people turned out to hear Bernie Sanders in Wisconsin. Why? Apparently, many Democrats want socialism.

Sanders is the Vermont senator who is running for the Democratic Party’s presidential nomination.

Sanders calls himself a “democratic socialist,” not to be confused with New York City mayor Bill de Blasio’s preferred label, “social democrat,” but both believe that more power and wealth in the hands of government (less in the hands of free people and the free market) is a good thing. They just don’t want you to think they’re dictators like Stalin. They may institute terrible economic policies, but they’ll have the backing of voters.

More Democrats say they plan to vote for Hillary Clinton, but she’s already sounding more socialist to ward off the Sanders challenge, slamming “corporations making record profits.”
In crucial early-voting state New Hampshire, next door to Sanders’ home state, Sanders polls at 35 percent to Clinton’s 43.

A big reason for Sanders’ appeal is his relentless criticism of America’s wealth gap. His “solutions” include raising the federal minimum wage to $15, completing the government takeover of healthcare, mandating paid maternity leave, punishing bankers, expanding Social Security and spending more on job training.

We must do these things, he says, because “wealth is centered in the hands of a very few.” He accuses Republicans of preferring it that way.

That’s a common refrain on the left, and it appeals to many voters. Some poor people think they’ll be helped by “redistribution,” and rich people who don’t understand the process that made them rich want more rules to “level the playing field.”

I wish someone would educate them and ask Clinton, “What’s wrong with ‘record profits’? What do you think happens to that money? Greedy executives just sit on it? No! Profit is reinvested in ways that make all of us better off!”

Libertarians and real free-marketers agree that too few people are rich but understand that today it’s largely because of government.

The minimum wage laws that Sanders likes decrease the odds that people on the bottom rung will get hired and learn the basics of being a good employee. Other laws make it harder for them to move up.

Today’s thicket of regulations means entrepreneurs must hire lawyers and “fixers” to get anything done, and those middlemen cost money. Not a big problem if you’re already rich, but a big obstacle if you’re just starting out, or trying to expand a small business.

Requiring paid maternity leave makes companies even more wary of hiring young women. The law forbids such discrimination, of course, but bosses just give some other reason for not choosing female applicants.

That same unintended consequence happened with the Americans with Disabilities Act, the well-intended law supported by Democrats and Republicans meant to help more disabled people enter the workforce. But fewer disabled people work now that the law is in effect. Fifty-one percent held jobs when the law passed; now only 32 percent do.

Greece “protects” workers by banning part-time work and banning working more than five days a week. You’d think American socialists would learn something watching Greece fail. But, no, they never learn.

Government interventions in health care — such as ObamaCare — haven’t made health care cheaper, but they sure helped rich insurance companies. By writing the companies’ roles directly into the law, ObamaCare makes it harder for others, such as the new fee-for-service health stores, to compete.

Complex financial regulations mean that rich investors who are already cozy with big law firms, big banks and the Fed are better at understanding and manipulating the rules than a small “angel investor” who wants to back a new invention or interesting start-up.

For 200 years, poor Americans pulled themselves out of poverty by finding new and better ways to do things, or just by working hard. Today, fewer lift themselves up. One big reason is that rules meant to help poor people end up favoring the well-connected rich while keeping poor people dependent.

Sen. Sanders and his fellow socialists should stop callously ignoring how government makes life harder for poor people.

Nearly 10,000 people turned out to hear


white-house-irs-headquarters-dc-740

The White House at 1600 Pennsylvania Ave., left, and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) headquarters in D.C., right.

Newly obtained documents reveal the Justice Department was well-aware of, in fact knee-deep in the IRS targeting of conservative groups as early as 2010. A “DOJ Recap” report details an October 2010 meeting between Lois Lerner, DOJ officials and “one representative from the FBI” to discuss the possible criminal prosecution of nonprofit organizations for alleged political activity.

“These new documents show that the Obama IRS scandal is also an Obama DOJ and FBI scandal,” said Judicial Watch President Tom Fitton. “The FBI and Justice Department worked with Lois Lerner and the IRS to concoct some reason to put President Obama’s opponents in jail before his reelection. And this abuse resulted in the FBI’s illegally obtaining confidential taxpayer information. How can the Justice Department and FBI investigate the very scandal in which they are implicated?”

The documents also reveal that President Obama’s and then-Attorney General Eric Holder’s DOJ wanted IRS employees who were set to testify to Congress to turn over documents to them prior to handing them over to Congress. The IRS gave the FBI 21 computer disks, which contained 1.25 million pages of confidential IRS returns from 113,000 nonprofit social 501(c)(4) welfare groups -– accounting for nearly every 501(c)(4) in the United States -– as part of its effort to prosecute the president’s political opponents.

“This revelation likely means that the IRS – including possibly Lois Lerner – violated federal tax law by transmitting this information to the Justice Department,” according to a letter from then-House Oversight Committee Chairman Darrell Issa, R-Calif., to IRS Commissioner John Koskinen dated June 9, 2014.

This is not the first revelation to cast serious doubt on the integrity of the Justice Department under Eric Holder, particularly as it relates to the IRS targeting scandal.

House Republicans learned in January, 2014 that the Justice Department’s investigation into the IRS targeting Tea Party groups had been “compromised,” after Holder’s DOJ outrageously appointed an Obama donor to head up the probe.

In a letter to Holder — seen here — lawmakers say they’ve learned that Barbara Kay Bosserman, the trial attorney appointed to investigate the IRS scandal, is a long-term donor of both the Democratic National Committee and President Obama, a revelation confirmed Tuesday by the White House.

Campaign finance records show Bosserman contributed at least $6,750.00 going back to 2004 and donated sometimes twice a month, rotating between Obama’s campaign and the Democratic national committee, at one point giving $1,000.00 in one shot to the “Obama for America” super PAC.

Meanwhile, because of the illegal public disclosure of confidential taxpayer information from the IRS to the FBI, the agency was forced to return the 1.25 million pages to the tax-collection agency.

Newly obtained documents reveal the Justice Department


obamacare-obama-lie

President Obama depicted in front of an American flag in reference to his signature healthcare law, ObamaCare.

I’m a long-time advocate of “dynamic scoring,” which means I want the Congressional Budget Office and Joint Committee on Taxation to inform policy makers about how fiscal policy changes can impact overall economic performance and therefore generate “feedback” effects.

I also think the traditional approach, known as “static scoring,” creates a bias for bigger government because it falsely implies that ever-higher tax rates and an ever-growing burden of government spending don’t have any adverse impact on prosperity.

There’s a famous example to show the lunacy of static scoring. Back in late 1980s, former Oregon Senator Bob Packwood asked the Joint Committee on Taxation to estimate the revenue impact of a 100 percent tax rate on income over $200,000.

When considering such a proposal, any normal person with even the tiniest amount of common sense is going to realize that successful people quickly will figure out it makes no sense to either earn or report income about that level. As such, the government won’t collect any additional revenue.

Heck, it’s not just that the government won’t collect additional revenue. Our normal person with a bit of common sense is going to take the analysis one step further and conclude that revenues will plunge,both because the government will lose the money it collected with the old income tax rates on income above $200,000 (i.e., the income that will disappear) and also because there will be all sorts of additional economic damage because of foregone work, saving, investment, and entrepreneurship.

But the JCT apparently didn’t have any bureaucrats with a shred of common sense. Because, as shown in Part II of my video series on the Laffer Curve, they predicted that such a tax would raise $104 billion in 1989, rising to $299 billion in 1993.

The good news is that both CBO and JCT are now seeking to incorporate some dynamic scoring into their fiscal estimates. Most recently, the CBO (with help from the JCT) released a report on the fiscal impact of repealing ObamaCare.

Let’s look at what they did to see whether the bureaucrats did a good job.

I’ll start with something I don’t like. This new CBO estimate is fixated on the what will happen to deficit levels.

Here’s the main chart from the report. It compares what will happen to red ink if ObamaCare is repealed, based on the static score (no macro feedback) and the dynamic score (with macro feedback).

CBO-Repealing-ObamaCare-Chart

 

There’s nothing wrong, per se, with this type of information. But making deficits the focus of the analysis is akin to thinking that the time of possession is more important than the final score in the Super Bowl.

What matters for more is what happens to the economy, which is affected by the size and structure of government. As such, here’s the most important finding from the report.

Repeal of the ACA would raise economic output…the resulting increase in GDP is projected to average about 0.7 percent over the 2021–2025 period.

There are two reasons the bureaucrats expect better economic performance if Obamacare is repealed. First, people will have more incentive to work because of a reduction in handouts.

CBO and JCT estimate that repealing the ACA would increase the supply of labor and thus increase aggregate compensation (wages, salaries, and fringe benefits) by an amount between 0.8 percent and 0.9 percent over the 2021–2025 period. …the subsidies and tax credits for health insurance that the ACA provides to some people are phased out as their income rises—creating an implicit tax on additional earnings—and those subsidies, along with expanded eligibility for Medicaid, generally make it easier for some people to work less or to stop working.

Second, the analysis also recognizes that there would be positive economic results from repealing the tax hikes in Obamacare, especially the ones that exacerbate the tax code’s bias against saving and investment.

Implementation of the ACA is also expected to shrink the capital stock, on net, over the next decade, so a repeal would increase the capital stock and output over that period. In particular, repealing the ACA would increase incentives for capital investment, both by increasing labor supply (which makes capital more productive) and by reducing tax rates on capital income. …repealing the ACA also would eliminate several taxes that reduce people’s incentives to save and invest—most notably the 3.8 percent tax on various forms of investment income for higher-income individuals and families. The resulting increase in the incentive to save and invest—relative to current law—thus would gradually boost the capital stock; consequently, output would be higher.

And here’s the most important table from the report. And it’s important for a reason that doesn’t get sufficient attention in the report, which is the fact that repeal of Obamacare will reduce the burden of spending and the burden of taxation. I’ve circled the relevant numbers in red.

CBO-Repealing-ObamaCare-Table

Returning to something I touched on earlier, the CBO report gives inordinate attention to the fact that there’s a projected increase in red ink because the burden of spending doesn’t fall as much as the burden of taxation.

My grousing about CBO’s deficit fixation is not just cosmetic. To the extent that the report has bad analysis, it’s because of an assumption that the deficit tail wags the economic dog.

Here’s more of CBO’s analysis.

Although the macroeconomic feedback stemming from a repeal would continue to reduce deficits after 2025, the effects would shrink over time because the increase in government borrowing resulting from the larger budget deficits would reduce private investment and thus would partially offset the other positive effects that a repeal would have on economic growth. …CBO and JCT…estimate that repealing the act ultimately would increase federal deficits—even after accounting for other macroeconomic feedback. Larger deficits would leave less money for private investment (a process sometimes called crowding out), which reduces output. …The same macroeconomic effects that would generate budgetary feedback over the 2016–2025 period also would operate farther into the future. …the growing increases in federal deficits that are projected to occur if the ACA was repealed would increasingly crowd out private investment and boost interest rates. Both of those developments would reduce private investment and thus would dampen economic growth and revenues.

Some of this is reasonable, but I think CBO is very misguided about the importance of deficit effects compared to other variables.

After all, if deficits really drove the economy, that would imply we could maximize growth with 100 percent tax rates (or, if JCT has learned from its mistakes, by setting tax rates at the revenue-maximizing level).

To give you an idea of why CBO’s deficit fixation is wrong, consider the fact that its report got a glowing review from Vox’s Matt Yglesias. Matt, you may remember, recently endorsed a top tax rate of 90 percent, so if he believes A on fiscal policy, you can generally assume the right answer is B.

Here’s some of what he wrote.

Let us now praise Keith Hall. …his CBO appointment was bound up with a push by the GOP for more “dynamic scoring” of tax policy. …Yet today Hall’s CBO released its first big dynamic score of something controversial, and it’s … perfectly sensible.

Yes, parts of the report are sensible, as I wrote above.

But Matt thinks it’s sensible because it focuses on deficits, which allows his side to downplay the negative economic impact of Obamacare.

…the ACA makes it less terrible to be poor. By making it less terrible to be poor, the ACA reduces the incentive to do an extra hour or three at an unpleasant low-wage job in order to put a little more money in your pocket. CBO’s point is that when you do this, you shrink the overall size of GDP and thus the total amount of federal tax revenue. …The change…is big enough to matter economically (tens of billions of dollars a year are at stake) but not big enough to matter for the world of political talking points where the main question is does the deficit go up or down.

Yes, you read correctly. He’s celebrating the fact that people now have less incentive to be self-reliant.

Do that for enough people and you become Greece.

P.S. On a totally different topic, it’s time to brag about America having better policy than Germany. At least with regard to tank ownership.

I’ve previously written about legal tank ownership in the United States. But according to a BBC report, Germans apparently don’t have this important freedom.

The Panther tank was removed from the 78-year-old’s house in the town of Heikendorf, along with a variety of other military equipment,including a torpedo and an anti-aircraft gun, Der Tagesspiegel website reports. …the army had to be called in with modern-day tanks to haul the Panther from its cellar. It took about 20 soldiers almost nine hours to extract the tank… It seems the tank’s presence wasn’t much of a secret locally. Several German media reports mention that residents had seen the man driving it around town about 30 years ago. “He was chugging around in it during the snow catastrophe in 1978,” Mayor Alexander Orth was quoted as saying.

You know what they say: If you outlaw tanks, only outlaws will have tanks.

I’m also impressed the guy had an anti-aircraft gun. The very latest is self defense!

And a torpedo as well. Criminals would have faced resistance from the land, air, and sea.

If nothing else, he must have a big house.

One that bad guys probably avoided, at least if they passed the famous IQ test for criminals and liberals.

[mybooktable book=”global-tax-revolution-the-rise-of-tax-competition-and-the-battle-to-defend-it” display=”summary” buybutton_shadowbox=”true”]

CATO economist Dan Mitchell examines and analyzes


GDP-Shipping-Cranes-Trade-Portland-Oregon

File photo: Shipping-cranes-in move containers at a port in Portland, Oregon. (Photo: REUTERS)

The U.S. trade deficit widened in the month of May as a larger-than-expected drop in exports could worsen concerns over weak overseas demand. The Commerce Department reported on Tuesday that the trade gap grew $1.2 billion to $41.9 billion.

Still, the report was less than the $42.6 billion deficit expected by economists and could even lead to Wall Street analysts slightly raising their forecasts for economic growth in the second quarter.

Nevertheless, the drop in exports in May underscores a several-year long trend that is concerning. During the 2007-2009 recession, the U.S. economy fell back on export-led industries such as manufacturing early in the recovery. Now, however, growth in manufacturing and other export-led sectors is near non-existent, and is now driven by lower-paying sectors such as services.

Exports fell $1.5 billion, or 0.8 percent, to $188.6 billion in May, fueled by a drop in overseas sales of U.S.-made capital goods. Imports fell by about $300 million, or 0.1 percent, to $230.5 billion.

Exports of goods to Germany dropped 6.0 percent in May from the prior month, whiles exports to France fell 4.2 percent; 2.1 percent to Mexico and 3.0 percent to Japan.

In May, the drop in imports came as purchases from China rose 9.5 percent. Criticism from U.S. manufacturers over Chinese firms manipulating their currency to make it cheaper will no doubt increase.

At the same time, U.S. net imports of oil fell to $5.8 billion in May, the lowest level since 2002.

Commerce said Tuesday the U.S. trade deficit

People's Pundit Daily
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